Abortion Is A Form Of Birth Control - 955 Words

Jacek, I know I won t change your stance on abortion, just as you could never convince me I ought to submit my body to the government and let them decide what I can and cannot do. But I do hope you can recognise why so many women are left to choose abortion as a form of birth control-- something that, I agree, and they agree, is abhorrent. My Catholic grandmother worked for the organization that became Planned Parenthood for over 25 years. She began as a translator (Spanish to English) and moved upward. When I was in the second grade our teacher assigned us to interview a grandparent and I chose my grandmother. She said she felt that woman should be able to choose what happens to their bodies. I had no idea what she meant at the†¦show more content†¦Poor women cannot afford to pay for birth control, thanks to Conservatives. But the men who want to have sex with them, well, they get to have an erection, on the house. When I lived in the UK, birth control was readily available, for free, as well as abortions. But abortion was not a prevalent conversation because, by providing reproductive education and options to everyone equally, women did not need to resort to abortion. Again, abortion is never a first choice. It is a last resort. In the USA, if a girl or woman living in poverty or in a marginalized population becomes pregnant, Conservatives do not want her to have access to prenatal care or education. It is dangerous for young girls to have a baby, for both mother and child. Refusing to educate would-be mothers on how to have a safe pregnancy and prepare for childbirth increases infant and maternal mortality. Planned Parenthood provides this education, medical monitoring, and prenatal care. A woman who has been refused education on her reproductive health, refused access to birth control, and now becomes pregnant, faces two decisions: birth a child or seek an abortion. If that child is born, Conservatives do not want mother or child to have access to health care. (see repeal of ACA, repeal of Medicaid, repeal of CHIP, etc.) Conservatives do not want mother or child to access to welfare. And yes, mother and child need to rely on welfare, because maybe she is still getting her education,Show MoreRelatedShould Abortion Be Legal?1347 Words   |  6 Pagesthe right to an abortion. This is a constitutional right that all women must have in order for everyone to have true equal rights. The two sides of this debate argue whether or not the fetus is â€Å"alive,† whether abortion is ever necessary, and whether or not the procedure has negative consequences. While the â€Å"pro-life† side focuses mostly on the interpretation of the definition of life, â€Å"pro-choice† advocates stress the importance of women’s rights. A woman should always have control over her body withoutRead MoreHis 145 Social Movements and Trends Essay698 Words   |  3 Pagesof equality and control of their bodies. Many instances occurred throughout history that supported a woman’s fight for equal repre sentation and fair legislation, especially for those who were impoverished. This paper will discuss three articles from 1968 to 1977 that outline women’s battles against the government and the legal system regarding abortion and sterilization. The article details instances in which the government pursued unlawful sterilization as a form of birth control, or denied publicRead More Abortion - Right or Wrong? Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pageswith high hopes from her parents. She was the last person anyone expected to get pregnant, but, on January 29, that all changed. It was around ten o’ clock at night when Karen’s roommate walked into the bathroom and realized Karen was giving birth. She heard a gush of water that sounded like water breaking followed by a baby’s cries. She then heard the toilet being flushed several times. Karen was trying to get rid of the mistake she had made. When Karen’s friend informed the RA on dutyRead MoreArgument Essay Abortion Should Be Legal for Any Woman of Any Age1442 Words   |  6 PagesArgument Essay Abortion should be Legal for any Woman of any Age Abortion is the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy (abortion). Abortion is also a right that every woman hasas long as it is in the first trimester of pregnancy. In many cases abortion being legal saves lives but it is also guaranteed to end a life every time the operation is done. Women should be in control of their own lives and should have the choice of having a child or not due to the eff ectsRead MoreThe Benefits Of Free Birth Control980 Words   |  4 PagesMonica Varona English IV Rhonda Hill 20 July 2017 The Benefits of Free Birth Control Even though birth control is an important part of preventive health care, it can be difficult to attain. The options for a woman who is not covered by a health insurance provider are limited. Their best option is to receive a prescription at a clinic or to purchase forms of birth control at a Planned Parenthood center. Still, these women are left to cover the price of the pill that can range from $35-$200 a monthRead More Birth Control Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pageshow to gain control over reproduction, in essence, how to prevent unwanted pregnancies. This is a challenge, even today, in an age of technological advancements, mass communication and education. However, through the years, the spread of information and awareness surrounding birth control has resulted in its increased availability and an improvement in the lives of both men and women. People are very clever and ingenious and have, throughout history, devised a variety of birth control methods. TheRead MoreBirth Control And Abortion Should Not Be Used Widely1440 Words   |  6 Pages Birth Control and Abortion Should Not be Used Widely Submitted by: Yuhuan Yu Submitted to: Daniela Greco-Giancola Class: Act Writing Date: August 11, 2014 Word Count: 1281 The world population is 7.046 billion and there are 8.260 million new babies are born every year (Worldometers n.d.), because of this global over population problem, some countries’ government allowed birth control pill and medicine or artificial abortion can be used to control the population. Now, due to different reasonRead MoreThe Struggle For Improving Reproductive Rights1279 Words   |  6 Pagestheir maternal decisions, whether that is in choosing surrogacy, abortion, and even those who choose different forms of contraception. Over the years, Planned Parenthood and other health services have recieved a negative connotation for what services they provide, especially on the basis of providing abortion services. With our new president in office, women are concerned that their reproductive rights, such as the right to have an abortion, and rights to use contraception will be revoked. Women are currentlyRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?874 Words   |  4 Pages Abortion has and always will be an extremely controversial issue in American politics. Some believe that having an abortion is a completely normal and reasonable way of preventing unnecessary life, like birth control. Others believe this is murder and should be stopped at all costs. In my opinion, I believe that abortion is a woman’s choice and no one should be able to tell a woman how to manage her body. Legal abortion is a natural and responsible way to provide safety to woman and an unborn childRead MoreEssay on In Defense Of Abortion1638 Words   |  7 PagesWithout legal prohibitions, women in Europe and the United States provided abortions and trained each other to perform the procedures. In the past century different states had begun to outlaw any procedure that would terminate or avoid pregnancy. In 1973(?) the United States Supreme Court asserted a womans constitutional right to abortion in determining Roe v. Wade. After several decades of quiet disagreement, a bortion has once again become a political hotbed. Under the direction of religious

The Importance of English Essay Samples

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Gender Equality in STEM Environment †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Gender Equality in STEM Environment Management. Answer: Introduction Nepal is a landlocked country in the middle of the great Himalayan Range. Its demography is nestled between two emerging superpowers of the world which are People Republic of China and India. But Nepal is way behind in economic as well social aspects of development when compared to both its neighboring countries (UN Women | Asia and the Pacific 2017). As history illustrates, Nepal has been in trade with China and India maintaining a harmony with both these giant countries. It has also been susceptible to invasion at times but has been inert for most period of time. At present, Nepal has been disturbed due to its internal conflicts. There has been a war-like situation for claiming rights, freedom and adequate representation. The country is under transition from being a monarchy to a republican government where Maoists are taking advantage of the situation to promote their own leaders in the top tier of government. Between this state of confusion, there lies an important aspect of a transitional society which is of gender equality. Many social workers and organizations have visited places in Nepal to observe the position of women in Nepal (Therisingnepal.org.np 2017). It was observed that there is a high percentage of gender inequality which women of Nepal have to face. There is a natural sense of gender inequality in the Nepali society due to which women have to face restrictions in almost all facets of life. The following literature review analyses all the problems of gender inequality in Nepal (Acharya 2017). The literal meaning of gender equality is that men and women both enjoy equal status in the society management. There is equal opportunity for everything such as jobs, rights, economic, cultural, social and social development. It has been observed from the pages of history that society has been biased towards males in giving the position of authority in the society (Mahara and Dhital 2015). There has always been a male dominant society with women working passively on the sidelines with no proper appreciation and importance. In Nepal, these ambiguities have widened with women having no proper rights and freedom to do their will and are bounded by innumerable restrictions which come to them naturally (Mahara and Dhital 2015). They are considered as second-grade citizens charred in the fire of patriarchal domination. Male citizens of Nepal enjoy all the freedom and liberty and suppress their female counterparts. Socioeconomic Status of Women In Nepal Being a diverse society, society in Nepal is mainly patriarchal. Life of a woman revolves around their son, father, and husband. It becomes obvious that to practice such dominant patriarchal system, support of the law is necessary which is granted to the male members in Nepal. The legal system of Nepal also enforces restrictions on women who are left with no choice than to surrender (Ghosh, Singh and Kayastha 2017). Marriage is the most important event for the life of women which determines their well-being in the society. Freedom to choose their life partner is another aspect which determines the degree of liberty a woman has in the society. But in Nepal due to the prevalence of patriarchal system, there is not much a woman can do about their choice in marriage and other personal prerogatives. The position of women in a patriarchal society is derived through its social system, values of the society and rights which are preserved and protected in favor of women. Nepal government does not pay any heed to develop policies for the social development of women in society Management (Decker et al. 2016). When the relative status of women is considered, it varies from one ethnic group to another but has no significant difference. It can be easily observed when visiting Nepal, that all the economic activity are done by women but they get no credit for that and their contribution to the society goes unnoticed. It is understood that the work they do is meant for them and that is the only thing for which they are made (Mohapatra 2016). Empirical data derived from the survey done in Nepal reflect that the condition of women is very severe as compared to men. The situation of women is wretched in terms of health, participation, self-confidence, education, human rights, decision making and policy making. Age of marriage for women is very less as they get married between the age of 15-19 years (Nawal and Goli 2013). This leads to consequences of premature pregnancy resulting in deaths (Bornstein et al. 2016).The pre-natal and post-natal death rate of women is very high in Nepal. High birth rate, high infant mortality rate and low life expectancy are some key indicators of poor health of women in Nepal. The National literacy rate of Nepal in 40% in which 66% is of men and only 30% women are literate (Ghosh, Singh and Kayastha 2017). This indicates that women are denied of education. Only 24.5% of women in Nepal get enrolled for higher education according to the national statistics of the country (Bista et al. 2017). Women of Nepal do not enroll in vocational and technical courses due to the pressure of society and irrelevant cultural norms (Reading 2012). The burden of workload has increased from 10.8 hours per day to 10.9 hours per day in recent years (Swan 2013). Moreover, women in rural areas are considered as parayadhan (somebody elses property), that is why parents do not invest in their education who believes that they are not going to benefit from their education. Works done by women are not understood as economic activity. Cooking food, household work, washing clothes and taking care of children are considered as natural work for women. Only 42.5% of women are kept under economically active category as compared to 68% of men (Oestreich 2017). As a result, the participation of workers in the informal sector has increased drastically (Ghosh, Singh and Kayastha 2017). To make money for themselves women of Nepal do jobs like vending, liquor trade and selling vegetables. Moreover, in rural areas women are seen doing field work such as planting, weeding and harvesting which are done by men in other countries. If women are employed in government jobs in urban areas, they are put at low posts and promotion is very hard to get. Professional work done by women in Nepal is very limited. They are allowed to study law but not practice it (Leder, Clement and Karki 2017). Their presence in bureaucracy is very low. It can be supported by the fact that only one woman has made to the post of ambassador till now. There is limited or no participation in the field of politics and judiciary of women in Nepal. Decision making for women is only in household matters, domestic matters, religious and social travel. But a decline in the decision-making authority has been observed in recent years (Swan 2013). UNICEF has conducted many surveys and programs to find out the nature and extent of violence against women in Nepal. The picture was very dreadful as there are innumerable cases of violence of all types. It was found that 66% of women are victims of verbal abuse and 33% of them were abused emotionally (Leder, Clement and Karki 2017). Out of all the offenders, 77% of them were family members of the women (Shrestha et al. 2017). At first, there was no serious action taken from the government side, but with due course of time, government agencies have been vigilant to avoid such cases (Bista et al. 2017). But the results have not been promising and there is a lot to be done to protect women from such atrocities. Political agents are also contributors to the violence against women but they cases do not see the light of day due to ignorance of government authorities. Women who actively participate in the politics are also victims of such crimes inside their own party but do not complain o r take any action due to obvious reasons (Nawal and Goli 2013). Political Participation of Women in Nepal If the history of Nepal is taken into consideration, it has been a country of struggle. Some patron women like Mangla Devi Singh and Sahana Pradhan have been active in politics during 1950s. They also formed many organizations for the upliftment of women status in Nepal. In recent years of struggle in 2006, it was observed that the participation of women was significant who challenged the prevalent system of monarchy to replace it with a republican form of government (Bhandari, Sarma and Kutty 2015). Low and sparse participation of women in politics can be justified by the lack of education and poverty existing in the female members of Nepal. The state policy-making bodies are the only place where a significant amount of women participation can be seen. To increase the role of women in government decision-making, their activity in stake policy-making should be encouraged. Through the political parties, women get a platform to raise their voice against the discrimination they face in the society (Oestreich 2017). This gives them a chance to be heard among masses and inspire other women citizens to join these parties and uplift themselves. It can be observed that only 32 women are Members of Parliament which is very low as compared to other countries in Southeast Asia (Baral 2016). There have been only three women members in the leading political parties of Nepal such as Nepali Congress, RPP, and CPN. The proposal of having 33% women members have been declined by the political parties (Mishra and Sam 2016). There were only two women of special class out of 85 members in the Civil Services of Nepal and that too about 5 years ago and rest of them were filled with men (Shrestha et al. 2017). There is almost no representation of women in the government organizations, task forces and constitutional bodies. This kind of discrimination exists because there is a natural mentality of people that women should not be there in active politics in Nepal. In recent years there has been a change in the perception of women in Nepal. After seeing their active participation in the struggle for democracy, people have liberalized a bit in the context of considering woman participation in active politics (Baral 2016). But still many people are not convinced that women can make a difference and deserve equal seats at the table as men. They are considered to be centered on female issues and havent got the respect which they deserve. Due to the patriarchal school of thought women of Nepal are not considered competent to win elections. The issues raised by women in political parties, however generic they may be, are considered to be women issues and are sidelined from the main agenda. With thetransition from monarchy to democracy women of Nepal expected a change in their social status (Paudel and de Araujo 2017). To some extent, their position has strengthened, but still, it is alongroad for them to gain equal status as men in the Nepali society. Challenges There is lack of control on the state mechanism of women politicians in Nepal. There is no availability or control over the resources of development in the hands of women who can use them for their welfare and development especially in the field of education. They are too busy in the household works and do not get time for political participation, meeting and events (Mishra and Sam 2016). Human rights of women, inclusiveness in society, and issues of women empowerment discussed in international treaties and grants are absent. The main issues resulting in this condition of women in Nepal are deep-rooted in the culture and customs of society which is very hard to tackle and change as it has become a tradition in the Nepali society (Ahmad and Jaleel 2015). The patriarchal framework of society restricts men of Nepal to see the higher side of women existence as they are taught to look down upon them as an instrument of work and enjoyment. There are many hindrances in enhancing the literacy level of women in Nepal which is one of the root causes of their downtrodden condition. Illiterate women cannot survive in the political arena where men are waiting for them as vultures to prey upon. Poverty, violence, poor health, low literacy rate, discrimination on the basis of caste and religious fundamentalism adds up to the challenges(Shahabuddin et al. 2017). Women in Nepal are considered to be weak and it is believed that they need to be protected and kept in front of the eyes. If any woman tries to go out and interact with someone else then they are looked upon with contempt and suspicion and this raises questionson the integrity of their character. There is an unbalanced relationship of power (Baral 2016). Major Achievements Some women leaders who have managed to make their name at the time of struggles are looked upon as a sign of inspiration and as an example of the heights at which every woman of Nepal can go. Those women have established their name and vision in a patriarchal society like Nepal which is a very big achievement in itself. These events have made the social, economic and political outlook of women to develop for the future and their level of thought has taken a leap since then (Bhandari, Sarma and Kutty 2015). These luminary women have paved the way for other leaders to follow and bring a radical change in the social status of women of the entire nation. In their tenure of office which some women had held have been very successful. Moreover, there are many programs and days which are celebrated to encourage women empowerment all across the globe. These symbolic events and days give some courage to the suppressed women of Nepal to rise against the exploitation and do something significant in life. National Women Commission in Nepal was registered in 2002, on the day of 92nd International Women's Day (Ahmad and Jaleel 2015). Ministry of women, children and social welfare, and National Women Commission has also promised to work for women empowerment. From the above literature review, it can be concluded that the status of women of Nepal is in wretched condition. Being a patriarchal society, it has no appreciation for the efforts of women. Their work and life have been taken for granted and they are only there to service the men on Nepal. There exists a great disparity in the social, economic and political aspects of Nepali society for women. They lack basic amenities of rights, freedom, education, free will, proper health, and protection. Men of Nepal consider them as an instrument of job and pleasure and they are kept under needless boundations of society which are mostly orchestrated by the men. Work done by them is not considered to be economic activity and they are subjected to poverty. Women have to do petty jobs to earn money for their household expenses and do their daily chores as well. They are denied of education and are made to lean the household work under compulsion. As discussed above women of Nepal are subjected to violence which is very common and rampant. They are abused verbally and emotionally quite frequently. They are not considered as an equal in the political arena and are denied of important positions and portfolios in government agencies. It can be observed from the above review that male citizens of Nepal do not want women to grow and prosper and make their life tough so that they cannot compete with them on any stage. It can thus be concluded that there exists an intense issue of gender equality in Nepal which should be minimized or rather eradicated for the welfare of their own country. References Acharya, T., 2017. Nepal Himalaya: Women, Politics, and Administration.Journal of International Women's Studies,18(4), pp.197-208. Ahmad, A. and Jaleel, A. 2015. Prevalence and Correlates of Violence against Women in Nepal: Findings from Nepal Demographic Health Survey, 2011.Advances in Applied Sociology, 05(04), pp.119-128. Atteraya, M.S., Murugan, V. and Pandey, S., 2017. Intersection of caste/ethnic affiliation and poverty among married women in intimate partner violence: the case of Nepal.Global social welfare,4(2), pp.81-90. Baral, O. 2016. Educational Status and Postnatal Care Practices among Dalit and Janajati Women of Nepal.Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 5, p.22. Bhandari, T., Sarma, P. and Kutty, V. 2015. Utilization of maternal health care services in post-conflict Nepal.International Journal of Women's Health, p.783. Bischoff, G. 2017. Improving gender equality in the STEM environment: EESC recommendations.STEM Gender Equality Congress Proceedings, 1(1), pp.592-602. Bista, B., Rai, D., Sagtani, R. and Budhathoki, S. 2017. Utilization pattern of health care services at a peripheral health care facility of Nepal.Health Renaissance, 13(2), p.160. Bornstein, M., Putnick, D., Deater-Deckard, K., Lansford, J. and Bradley, R. 2016. VII. GENDER IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: REFLECTIONS, LIMITATIONS, DIRECTIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS.Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 81(1), pp.123-144. Decker, M., Kalamar, A., Tunalp, . and Hindin, M. 2016. Early adolescent childbearing in low- and middle-income countries: associations with income inequity, human development and gender equality.Health Policy and Planning, p.czw121. Ghosh, A., Singh, A. and Kayastha, B., 2017. A trapeze act: balancing unpaid care work and paid work by women in Nepal. Leder, S., Clement, F. and Karki, E. 2017. Reframing womens empowerment in water security programmes in Western Nepal.Gender Development, 25(2), pp.235-251. Mahara, G. and Dhital, S. 2015. Analysis of Health Sector Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Strategy 2009 of Nepal.Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 12(2), p.157. Mishra, K. and Sam, A. 2016. Does Womens Land Ownership Promote Their Empowerment? Empirical Evidence from Nepal.World Development, 78, pp.360-371. Mohapatra, S. 2016. Health inequity and health outcome: a causal linkage study of low and middle income countries.Quality Quantity. Nawal, D. and Goli, S. 2013. Inequalities in utilization of maternal health care services in Nepal.Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, 6(1), pp.3-15. Oestreich, J. 2017. Sexual orientation and gender identity in Nepal: Rights promotion through UN development assistance.Journal of Human Rights, pp.1-15. Oliver, P. 2012.Succeeding with your literature review. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Reading, R. 2012. 50-year mortality trends in children and young people: a study of 50 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries.Child: Care, Health and Development, 37(4), pp.608-609. Ryan, R. and Woods, R., 2017. Women's Political Empowerment: Lessons for Subnational Levels of GovernmentNepal, Pakistan, Rwanda, and Indonesia. InHandbook of Research on Sub-National Governance and Development(pp. 385-405). IGI Global. Shahabuddin, A., De Brouwere, V., Adhikari, R., Delamou, A., Bardaj, A. and Delvaux, T. 2017. Determinants of institutional delivery among young married women in Nepal: Evidence from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011.BMJ Open, 7(4), p.e012446. Shrestha, M., Paudel, L., Pant, S., Neupane, S. and Manandhar, N. 2017. Health seeking behavior among women in Bhimtar, Sindhupalchowk district of Nepal.International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health management, 4(6), p.1854. Swan, P. 2013. Promoting social inclusion through community arts.Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 17(1), pp.19-26. Therisingnepal.org.np. 2017.The Rising Nepal: Gender Equality In Nepal. [online] Available at: https://therisingnepal.org.np/news/17804 [Accessed 3 Oct. 2017]. UN Women | Asia and the Pacific. 2017.Socioeconomic and political status of women in Nepal. [online] Available at: https://asiapacific.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2014/7/socioeconomic-and-political-status-of-women-in-nepal [Accessed 3 Oct. 2017].

Singha corporation free essay sample

Singha Corporation Co. , Ltd. is a subsidiary of ? Boon Rawd Brewery Co. , Ltd. , the first and ? largest Brewery of Thailand. The company was ? incorporated to oversee the beverage business ? of Boon Rawd Brewery Co. , Ltd. and is responsible? for the operation and marketing of beer, soda ? water, drinking water and various energy drinks ? and beverage producers. At present,? Boon Rawd Brewery is the owner of â€Å"Singha†,? â€Å"Leo †, â€Å"B-ing†,â€Å"Purra†,â€Å"Pun Dee†,and â€Å"Masita† ? trademarks. At present, Singha Corporation Co. , Ltd. operates 3 Breweries and 7 Soda Water and Drinking Water factories located in strategic Regions across Thailand. Moreover, the companys vast distribution network further enhances its ability to serve the customers throughout the kingdom as well as in nearly 50 countries worldwide under full compliance with FDA regulations and approval of each country, including European and North American Countries. Singha Corporation Co. , Ltd. conducts all its businesses under the principals of good corporate governance and in a social responsible manner. We will write a custom essay sample on Singha corporation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As an integral part of Thai Society, Singha Corporation Co. , Ltd. actively participate in local environmental support programs, educational scholarship programs, cultural events, traditional festivals, and sport sponsorship. History Phraya Bhirom Bhakdi was born Boonrawd Sreshthaputra on 13 October 1872 , son of Pra Bhirom Bhakdi (Chom Sresthaputra ). He was educated at home, teachered by his father until the age of 11 , when he was sent to a temple to be further educated by the monks, a custom at the time for Thai boys. He started work quite young, during his teens,as a teacher, and then moved on to become a clerk at A. J. Dickson, a British-owned logging company. He stayed in the logging business for a while, and acted as a car dealer for a bit before starting his own ferry business, ferrying the Bangkokians across the Chao Praya River, between Bangkok and Thonburi. The business was a success at first, until there came too many competitions, and finally the building of bridges across the river. He dabbled in the idea of brewing a Thai-made beer in 1929, and finally sent in a request to the government to build the first Thai brewery in 1930. Meanwhile,Boonrawd toured Germany and Denmark to study the art of making beer. His dream became a reality in 1933, when the first bottle of Thai beer, Singha Beer,rolled off the assembly line at Boonrawd Brewery. Phraya Bhirom Bhakdi helped with many charities in his lifetime. He also become an expert in the art of kite flying in Thailand, and published a book on kite competitions. He acted as fireman on numerous occasions,using his ferries to stop burning buildings with water from the Chao Praya River, and was finally made Luang Bhirom Bhakdi by His Majesty King Rama VI on 20 November B. E. 2454 (1911) , at the age of 39. He became Pra Bhirom Bhakdi on 20 December B. E. 2460 (1917), aged 44, and finally Phraya Bhirom Bhakdi on 1 January B. E. 2467(1924), at the age of 52. descendants to use the surname of Bhirom Bhakdi, instead of Sreshthaputra. A new dynasty was born. Phraya Bhirom Bhakdi was married to Khunying Lamai, and had 3 sons -Vidhya, Prachuab and Chamnong. He died in 1950, at the age of 78. Boon Rawd Brewery Company Development of a there managing orientation, difficult thought this can be in many organizations, is only one side of the coin in improving the marketing effectiveness of an organization. Marketing strategy specifies a target market and a related marketing mix, Marketing strategy requires a definition of the market domain in which the company will compete and statement of how utility and value will be created for customers through product and service offerings. Recognizing customer needs and filling them better than competitors is the core of successful marketing and management strategies. Product Line Strategy – External analysis A product line is a group of products that are closely related because they perform a similar function, are sold to the same customer groups, are marketed through the same channels, or fall within given price range. Product line managers need to know the sales and profits of each item in their line in order to determine which items to build, maintain, harvest, or divest. They also need to understand each product’s market profile. The company produced new beers to be in completed amounts for every segment for the purpose of: (1) Selling for competition, (2) Scrambling for market share and insertion into the marketing space, (3) The liquidity in laying of market policy and cooperation with alliance, (4) Having an increased amount of products to serve the demand for Singha Draft beer with a mild taste to attract customers who like the smooth taste. Product Development Strategy After successfully completing the business analysis stage, product planning moves to development and testing (Cravens 1994, p. 373). In 1998, the company received the certificate of universal standard quality or ISO 9002 from S. G. S. (Thailand). In December 1985, the company began to wade into the market by developing a new beer named â€Å"Singha Gold† which was a kind of beer that had low alcoholic content of 3. 5%, similar to a light beer. It was thus, a kind of beer though its taste was lighter than that of both Singha’s and Kloster’s. Singha Gold was positioned as a beer for the new generation. In addition to product development strategy, the packaging of Super Leo beer during April 2000 was modified due to the fact that sales volume did not meet with the target because of customers’ confusion related to â€Å"Leo. † A new label was put in place and the word â€Å"Super† was emphasized (with bigger letters) while the word â€Å"Leo† (with smaller letters) was used for advertising which included marketing activities of Super Leo being separated decisively from Leo. Brand strategy and re-positioning options Several strategies are available to Boon Rawd to differentiate its brands from those of competitors, and compete effectively. ? The options for Boon Rawd are to create a master-European-brewer brand themselves and compete in the market place, directly against the global brands and Kloster. Kloster had demonstrated that even though it is a local brand, it could create an image as an international brand. However, there are some hidden traps with this approach. Several focus group participants mentioned that they thought Kloster lost some credibility by being a local brand dressed up in international clothing (the issue of country of origin). Furthermore, this Master European Brewer image space, though obviously a valuable one (whether it will grow faster or slower in the immediate future is dependent on the rate of Thailands recovery), is already crowded. The options for Boon Rawd are to create a master-European-brewer brand themselves and compete in the market place, directly against the global brands and Kloster. Kloster had demonstrated that even though it is a local brand, it could create an image as an international brand. However, there are some hidden traps with this approach. Several focus group participants mentioned that they thought Kloster lost some credibility by being a local brand dressed up in international clothing (the issue of country of origin). Furthermore, this Master European Brewer image space, though obviously a valuable one (whether it will grow faster or slower in the immediate future is dependent on the rate of Thailands recovery), is already crowded. Another strategy to regain some of the market share that Singha had lost due to the entry of the global brands and low-end products, was to re-position the Singha product itself. It was sensed that Singha possessed a great deal of customer loyalty and one strategy would be to develop Singha to be even more Heart-based, and to move further into the international Thai space. This could be accomplished by an integrated marketing communications campaign. A further option would be to develop a Singha export brand and prove that Singha could be accepted worldwide. This would also instill pride in Thai consumers in that they were consuming a Thai product that was recognized internationally, targeting in a tangential but strategic way, the monopoly global brands have on internationalism. For reasons of confidentiality, further information is not available, but the study has been of immense use to strategic thinking. Singha Corporation strategy formulation Singha Corporation SWOT Strengths They are the first Thai beer Companies have a policy to expand market worldwide Companies can respond all the needs of all customers. Companies have many proucts that customers need. Company Has distribution channels in multiple way and nationwide. Weakness Competition within the organization. The large size of the organization, contributing to the management sometimes not possible. Companies need to keep up with demand and changing consumer. Is sometimes necessary to take the analysis to get to those needs. Opportunities Singha try to go global and make them to the top maket. Company is in need of the labor market. They want to work for them. Threats There are many competitors in beer market Singha can not change the price but others competitors can change to the lower prices. Have to import wheat(materials for produce beer) Singha Corporation PEST Political 1. Government comes to control the limit time of selling alcohol 2. For alcohol market, There are a consession 3. An Election in Thailand are under control Economics 1. The companies shutting down, causing more unemployment 2. Loans from financial institutions more difficult. 3. Employment levels and salaries greatly reduced because the growth rate of the economy is not good enough. 4. Currency Change Social 1. Campaign about not drinking alcohol becomes more important in Thai social. 2. Most of Thai people still respect to five commandments of Buddhists. Technology 1. Production process, taste, appearance is a factor in choosing to buy products. 2. Technological development in production in 3-5 years to adapt in a better way. 3. Products can advertise in social network instead TV commercial. ConClusion The company applies marketing strategy and The company’s marketing strategies consisted of product line strategy, product development strategy, block channel strategy, media strategy, trade strategy, and consumer incentive strategy. On the other hand, the company used marketing mix or the 4P’s strategy as follows: Product Strategy: (1) Every product segment was produced in response to customer demand in various levels of income, (2) With regards to product development strategy; the brewery was improved in 1998 to the point where a certificate of quality, ISO 9002, was obtained. In 1998, plans were underway to improve the quality of the company’s products in accordance with universal standards, including the ability to maintain the quality of the taste and the image of Singha beer by stressing the fact that it was a Thai beer that Thai people had preferred to drink for 67 years (in 2000) which gave Singha beer a high degree of brand loyalty, (3) Regarding the company’s packaging strategy, modern technology was introduced by the company to make â€Å"Stay on Tap† products on October 31, 1990. a move that took environmental conservation and social demands into due consideration. It was a marketing idea that took society into account in the sense that benefits would be provided by the firm and returned to the society. Environmental pollution was a matter of concern to the firm; it was necessary, therefore, that quilibrium is reached in the long term between a response to market demand and social welfare. The societal marketing concept would be concentrated on social conditions by upgrading the welfare of the people and improving the way of life in society by participating in the overall conservation of the environment as well. Price strategy: Many new producers entered the market, and many brands emerged, such as Heineken, Carlsberg and Chang beer. Because of the Thai economic crisis of 1997, consumers’ purchasing power decreased, which prompted them to turn to drinking less expensive beer, such as Chang. New beers were produced, such as Leo, Super Leo and Super Lion, which were cheap in order to respond to low-income consumers and to compete with Chang beer. Promotion strategy: Media strategy, trade strategy, and consumer incentive strategy were used in order to create products of good quality in response to the market. Place (of distribution) strategy: Since market share was achieved, with sales volume in the top rank of the market, block channel strategy was used and new agents were added when three breweries entered the already competitive market. Recommendation: 1) Set up or buy a company to grow wheat in the wheat-growing countries (eg: China) to ensure its supply of raw materials for beer production and raw materials price stability. Thailand was not a wheat-growing country, every beer company have to import wheat materials. In this way, As a result, the company is likely to be limited to international currency exchange rates change(baht devaluation), changes in international transport prices, raw material producing countries to reduce export. 2) Enter new market. Obtain expertise and apply new and best business practices across markets, whilst maintaining and recognising the cultural differences. By learning from best practice sharing ideas from different markets and business cultures, synergies will be brought to the Singha Group, which should benefit staff, customers and shareholders. The brand awareness will increase if it successful in new market. 3) Singha should continue corporate with the sports. Right now they are the sponsor for Chelsea and Manchester united football club, so they should continue sponsoring. In the future Volleyball will become Thai people favorite sport, They should consider to be their sponsor. Singha has come to the right way to promote their brands, They are sponsor for international concert and international football team. This actions will help them grow up Questions: What are the current issues/challenges facing companies? The issues that challenge to face with the company for now is the Law. Thailand law of alcohol company has become very strict. There are so many rules that the company must face with government. For this issues, company has to think about the strategy that make them still sell their beer without breaking any law. When Thailand law become strict, Its hard for Boonrawd Brewery to distribute their products. For example, They can only advertise their products along the magazine not allow to use them in Commercial on Televisions. If they want They must use the name of Boonrawd Brewery or Singha corporation not Singha Beer. So for Boon Rawd, They try to advertise their products by they corporate their brad with Chelsea Football Club and Manchester United instead. For this, its works very well. They can go global by sponsor the football team. What are the dangers/risks associated with this approach? The risk of doing this approach will be about the competitors that they already see what singha has done, and they want to do the same. They want to go global too, that’s the danger for Singha because if your competitors can do better than you, you must do something that better than them. You should think about the better plan or strategy to make your brand go further and still be number one in the beer market.

How to Write a Letter of Recommendation

How to Write a Letter of Recommendation Writing a letter of recommendation is a big responsibility that could determine the future of an employee, student, colleague, or someone else you know. No wonder so many people are daunted by the process. Letters of recommendation follow a typical format and layout, so it is useful to understand what to include, things to avoid, and how to get started. Whether youre requesting a letter or writing one, a few helpful tips will make the process much easier. What to Include in a Recommendation Letter When  writing a recommendation, it is important to craft an original letter  that is unique to the person youre recommending. You should never copy text directly from a sample letter- this is equivalent to copying a resume from the internet- as it makes both you and the subject of your recommendation look bad. To make your recommendation original and effective, try including specific examples of the subjects achievements or strengths as an academic, employee, or  leader. Keep your comments concise and to the point. Your letter should be less than one page, so edit it down to a couple of examples that you think will be the most helpful. You may also want to speak with the person youre recommending about their needs. Do they need a letter that highlights their work ethic? Would they prefer a letter that addresses aspects of their potential in a particular area? You dont want to say anything that is untrue, but knowing the desired point of focus can provide inspiration for the content of the letter. Example of an Employer Recommendation The sample letter below shows what might be included in a career reference or employment recommendation. It includes a short introduction highlighting the employees strengths, a couple of relevant examples in the two main paragraphs, and a simple closing. Youll notice that the recommender provides specific information on the subject and focuses heavily on her strengths. These include solid interpersonal skills, teamwork skills, and strong leadership capability. The recommender also includes specific examples of achievements (such as an increase in profits). Examples are important and add legitimacy to the recommendation. Another thing youll notice is that this letter is very similar to a cover letter you might send along with your own resume. The format mimics a traditional cover letter and many of the key words used to describe valuable job skills are included. To Whom It May Concern:This letter is my personal recommendation for Cathy Douglas. Until just recently, I was Cathys immediate supervisor for several years. I found her to be consistently pleasant, tackling all assignments with dedication and a smile. Her interpersonal skills are exemplary and appreciated by everyone who works with her.Besides being a joy to work with, Cathy is a take-charge person who is able to present creative ideas and communicate the benefits. She has successfully developed several marketing plans for our company that have resulted in increased annual revenue. During her tenure, we saw an increase in profits that exceeded $800,000. The new revenue was a direct result of the sales and marketing plans designed and implemented by Cathy. The additional revenue that she earned helped us to reinvest in the company and expand our operations into other markets.Though she was an asset to our marketing efforts, Cathy was also extraordinarily helpful in other areas of the company. In addition to writing effective training modules for sales representatives, Cathy assumed a leadership role in sales meetings, inspiring and motivating other employees. She also served as a project manager for several key projects and helped to implement our expanded operations. She has proven, on several occasions, that she can be trusted to deliver a completed project on schedule and within budget.I highly recommend Cathy for employment. She is a team player and would make a great asset to any organization.Sincerely,Sharon Feeney, Marketing Manager ABC Productions What to Avoid in a Recommendation Letter Just as important when writing a letter of recommendation is knowing what not to include. Consider writing a first draft, taking a break, then coming back to the letter for editing. See if you spot any of these common pitfalls. Do not mention personal relationships. This is particularly true if you employed a family member or friend. Keep the relationship out of the letter and focus instead on their professional qualities. Keep the dirty laundry to yourself. If you cannot honestly recommend an employee because of past grievances, its best to decline the request to write a letter. Try not to embellish the truth either. The person reading your letter is trusting your professional opinion. Think about the honesty you would expect in a letter and edit out anything that may be overindulgent. Leave out personal information. Unless it has to do with someones performance at work, its not important.

Sense and Nonsense

Sense and Nonsense Sense and Nonsense Sense and Nonsense By Maeve Maddox A reader who heard a doctor describe a patient as â€Å"fluent and sensicle† has asked if sensicle is a word. Sensicle (more often spelled sensical) is a word in the sense that couth is a word, or combobulate or ept. Humorists have long delighted in making comical back-formations of unpaired words like nonsensical, discombobulate, and inept. unpaired word: a word that appears to have a related word that does not in fact exist in contemporary usage. Such words may have a prefix or suffix that implies an antonym that replicates the word minus the supposed affix. Nowadays, when so many native English speakers are lightly educated in the mother tongue, what begins as a witticism may be taken seriously by readers or listeners who lack the information necessary to understand the joke. For example, the following statements are not intended to be funny: I think the real issue that most people take with Iraq was simply that it  wasnt sensicle.   Their recommendation to remove that foam piece  wasnt sensicle  to me.   [Sufferers of] Brocas aphasia cant produce  fluent,  sensical speech. In terms of tax dollars, the Court found that to continue to waste dollars during the appeal  wasnt sensical. The ban to serve sugary drinks larger than 16 ounces in restaurants proved [to be a] law that just  wasnt sensical  enough to pass. Nonsensical is a â€Å"real† word. It means, â€Å"making no sense, absurd.† The -ical ending also appears in the unwieldy but acceptable adjective for the term common sense: commonsensical. Used alone, sensical is nonstandard usage. The frequently seen use of sensical in a medical context may derive from statements like this in texts about aphasia: In 1874, Carl Wernicke reported patients with a different type of difficulty: fluent but often non-sensical speech. Hyphenating the word nonsensical contributes to the notion that sensical is detachable. The notion of â€Å"non-sensical† is that the speech of the afflicted person â€Å"makes no sense.† The noun for that kind of speech is nonsense. The adjective is nonsensical without a hyphen. Another possibility is: incoherent (adjective): without logical connection or natural sequence of ideas; inconsistent, rambling, disjointed. Here are suggested corrections for the above examples: I think the real issue that most people take with Iraq was simply that it  wasnt sensible.   Their recommendation to remove that foam piece  didn’t make sense to me.   [Sufferers of] Brocas aphasia cant produce  fluent,  coherent speech. In terms of tax dollars, the Court found that to continue to waste dollars during the appeal  wasnt reasonable. The ban to serve sugary drinks larger than 16 ounces in restaurants proved [to be a] law that just  wasnt practical enough to pass. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should Know3 Cases of Complicated HyphenationContinue and "Continue on"

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 136

Case Study Example Despite dominating the largest market share, the company has ensured that it continues to provide its customers with high quality services. Consistency of this company is detrimental to the competitors, i.e. Etisalat and Vodafone. This is because the companies have to invest heavily in advertising in order to increase their market base. Mobinil is selling quality services to the customers. The clients are buying the quality of the services being offered by the firm. Over time, the clients have become loyal to the services of the company. The core product purchased by the customers is convenience. The actual product includes airtime while augmented product includes effective customer services. The reasons for the success of Mobinil will continue to work as long as the company will manipulate them in order to meet the tastes and preferences of the target market. However, the entry of these multinational such as Etisalat and Vodafone will have a major impact on the company’s market share. This is because the companies have diversified their operation in different markets, an aspect that will enable them to offer customers with high quality products and services. In order to remain competitive, the managers need to turn to social media marketing. This will enable the company to cut the advertising budget. In addition, social media will enable the firm to conduct research on different aspects that affects the consumption behavior of the target market. In addition, the managers need to diversify its markets. This is through penetrating less competitive markets in Africa. This is to expand its revenue

Occupy Wall Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Occupy Wall Street - Essay Example The movement instigated on September 17, 2011, in Zuccotti Park of New York City's Wall Street financial district. The chief architect of the protest was Canadian activist group Adbusters, and has escorted to connect protests and actions across the planet (Intellectual Roots of Wall St. Protest Lie in Academe: Movement's principles arise from scholarship on anarchy). Occupy Wall Street emphasizes direct action and they have their slogan "We are the 99%". Indicating that the authorities are supporting 1% of the population, proportion attributed to the privileged and prosperous population. Highlighting the fact that income is unequally distributed between the affluent class which is 1% and the enduring 99% of the population (Intellectual Roots of Wall St. Protest Lie in Academe: Movement's principles arise from scholarship on anarchy). History Tracing the history of the Occupy Wall Street (OWS), it could be established that the roots lie in the 2010, British student protests together w ith the anti-austerity protest of Greece and Spain as well as Arab Spring protest (Reuters). In June 2011, an electronic conversation took place between Lasen and White. Lasen was the founder of Canadian-based Adbusters Media Foundation while, White was the senior editor of Adbuster (Pre-occupied). Later a website called OccupyWallStreet.org was registered by Lasen in June 2011. The subscribers of Adbusters were sent an electronic message with the note "America needs it own Tahrir". The message busted like a wild fire and people showed spontaneity. Adbusters suggested September, 17 as the date for the initiation of the protest as it corresponds with the America's Constitution Day (Fleming, 2011). The idea spread like a conflagration and social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Blogs played the pivotal role in generating the awareness and inciting individuals to understand their rights as "leaderless resistance movement" (Fleming, 2011). The movement was joined and pulle d by various independent activists who possess their systematized websites, to convey messages for meetings. The protest gathered a huge crowd and therefore was intervened by the police which provided Occupy Wall Street new wings to spread the message. Video clips and footage played a crucial role in generating public awareness. A NYPD officers video highlighting the arrest of protesters spread like a pandemic on Internet especially the one displaying officers shooting pepper spray on the faces of people especially women. The movement emerged as a people's democracy movement. Every effort to clear out the non-violent protest has further popularized the movement and people are participating to a greater extent with more zeal and enthusiasm. With every huge gatherings things tend to change and further strengthen the movement, highlighting the fact that the 99% of the population is really suffering a lot due to the prevailing corruption and greed for money in every sector of human exis tence (Fleming, 2011). People are now aware of the fact that Occupy Wall Street is people's voice and one must promote it, strengthen it and have to contribute for the betterment of the their rights and to eliminate disparity and

Politics and Other Social Sciences Essay Example for Free

Politics and Other Social Sciences Essay Man is a social animal. His social life has many dimensions – political, economic, sociological, psychological, historical etc. Social sciences deal with this multi-dimensional man, his collective life, social behaviour, organisations and activities. All of these dimensions of man are inter-connected leading to interrelationship among various social sciences. Political science, being one of the social sciences dealing with the political aspect of social man, has close connections with other social sciences. The modem approach in the study of social sciences is primarily interdisciplinary. It means that scholars of one specialized social science should work in coordination with scholars of other disciplines. This has resulted in a great deal of overlapping of disciplines. Interdisciplinary study has resulted in a rapid development of theoretical and applied aspects of politics and the sharpening of tools of research and analysis in the present century. Political Science and History Political Science and History are very closely connected. Jellinek remarked: It is almost a common-place today to affirm the necessity of historical study as a basis for a proper understanding of institutions, whether they be political, legal, or social.1 E.H. Carr holds that the dual function of history (is) to enable man to understand the society of the past and to increase his mastery over the society of the present} The cause and effect relationship of social phenomena can be understood by scientific understanding of history. History furnishes the political scientist the raw materials for comparison and induction. The relation of political science and history is well brought out in words of Seeley: History without Political Science has no fruit. Political Science without history has no root. In the words of Freeman, history is past politics and politics is present history. While political science is dependent on history for its material, it must be made clear that history supplies only part of its material. Again, all facts of history are not useful to political science. Garner rightly points out that not all of history is past politics. Much of it – like the history of art, of science, of inventions, discoveries, military campaigns, language, customs, dress, industries, religious controversies – has little, if any, relation to politics and affords no material for political investigation. Political Science selects relevant facts out of history. All political institutions are products of history. Without historical foundations, political science becomes merely speculative and abstract. History is a vast storehouse of facts and information from which political science draw its relevant materials for generalizations. Lipson writes: with its chronological treatment, history offers to the student of politics a sense of growth and development and thus affords insight into the process of social change. Political science has influence on history. Political ideas of thought leaders have contributed in shaping human history. Political revolutions and political concepts like democracy, liberty, equality and political ideologies like liberalism, nationalism and socialism have substantially influenced the history of societies. Garner aptly observes: to interpret history in its true significance we must study that politically. Behaviouralism with its stress on empirical method has undermined the importance of historical method in recent political studies. Traditional method relied more on history as it believed that history can assist in understanding the present and act as a guide for the future. Political Science and Economics Political Science and economics are very closely related and cover a common ground to a large extent. Early writers on economics considered their subject as a branch of political science and termed it ‘political economy’. Politics influences substantially the economic system. The state formulates the economic policies and regulates the economy. Production and distribution of wealth, price control, trade, taxation, government ownership of public utilities, banking, export-import and such other economic activities are regulated by political decision-making. The solution of many economic problems must come through political channels. Indeed many of the complex problems of the modern state are essentially economic in character: the reduction of economic disparity, removal of poverty and unemployment, the adjustment of the claims of capital and labour, nationalization and the achievement of a welfare state. The modern state, Galbraith writes, is an Industrial State. On the other hand, political and social life is profoundly influenced by economic conditions. Karl Marx regarded politics as a part of political economy and maintained that the economic basis of society influences politics which belongs to the superstructure. Political movements and revolutions are profoundly influenced by economic causes. All political ideologies like liberalism, socialism, imperialism, fascism have an economic basis. The political behaviour of man and various organized groups is influenced by economic factors. The main functions of modern welfare state are basically economic. There are economic motives behind many political policies. Political norms like liberty, equality, rights, justice are very often evaluated on an economic basis. Thus there is close relationship between political and economic life. The interaction of the two disciplines has resulted in the increasing importance given to political economy in recent years. Political Science and Sociology No two social sciences are as closely related as political science and sociology. Sociology is the fundamental social science. It is the root of all the social sciences. It is the most comprehensive social science which studies all aspects of the life of man in society. In the words of Small, it is the science of men in their associated processes. Sociology has a much wider scope than political science. It is a study of society in all its manifestations, while political science is primarily a study of the state and government. In other words, sociology deals with man in all his social relations, while political science deals with the man in his political relations. Sociology deals with both organized and unorganised communities and groups, while political science is concerned with organised political communities. The subject of sociology is social man and that of political science is political man. The relation between the two sciences is well brought out by Garner. He writes: Sociology derives from political science knowledge of the facts regarding the organization and activities of the state, while political science derives in large measure from sociology its knowledge of the origin of political authority and the laws of social control. State and politics cannot be studied objectively without an understanding of the general laws of social development. Political institutions and processes are influenced by social forces and factors. Not only does sociology influence political science, but politics also influences the social system. The political system controls and regulates social forces and customs. Politics engineers the process of peaceful social change and is engaged in maintaining social stability and cooperation. Political control is the most important and the most effective among all forms of social control. Contemporary political studies have borrowed concepts, methods and techniques of research from sociology. The current sociological impact on the study of politics can be traced back to the influence of Max Weber. Interdisciplinary study of political science and sociology got tremendous fillip with the emergence of political behaviouralism. A new branch of study named political sociology has emerged as a result of the interaction between political science and sociology. G. Sartori has observed that politics has got socialised and society has got politicised in the present times to such an extent that politics cannot be studied in isolation from sociology. Political Science and Psychology Psychology is the science of mental attitudes and human behaviour. It studies human instincts, attitudes, sentiments and emotions. It has been emphasized that scientific study of social phenomena must have a psychological basis. Psychological factors have become increasingly important for understanding what people believe about politics and how they act in political situations. Study of political behaviour has assumed great significance under the impact of behaviouralism in political studies. The psychological approach in political science goes back to 1908 when A. F. Bentleys The Process of Government and Graham Wallass Human Nature in Politics were published. The psychological approach received further impetus from Chicago School political scientists such as C. E Merrium, Stuart Rice, George Catlin and Harold Lasswell. Modern writers like Tarde, Le Bon, McDougall, Graham Wallas, Baldwin and Ellwood have attempted to explain and interpret political and social phenomena through the laws of psychology. Governments to be stable and popular must reflect the mental ideas and moral sentiments of the people who are subject to its control. Modern governments have devised subtle methods of the psychological manipulation of the masses. Public opinion is being moulded by ingenious propaganda as in politics the art of controlling the mass mind is increasingly becoming the key to political power and stability. Political Science and Ethics Political science has close historical links with philosophy and ethics. Initially, the study of state in Greece was a part of ethics. Ethics as a branch of study investigates the laws of morality and formulates rules of conduct. Ethics is the science of the moral order while political science is the science of the political order. Both have to deal with questions of right and wrong, good and bad, just and unjust. Plato conceived the notion of an ideal state in his Republic and believed that the state should train men in a life of virtue. The end of the state, according to Aristotle, is good life for the citizens. Modern idealists like Rousseau, Kant, Hegel and Green have accepted the state as an ethical institution which creates conditions for the fullest development of human personality. Lord Acton goes so far as to say: The great question is to discover, not what governments prescribe, but what they ought to prescribe. Fox held that what is morally wrong can never be politically right. Gandhis lasting contribution to politics is his insistence upon the spiritualization of politics i.e., application of truth, non-violence, love, self-suffering to mans social and political life. The end of the state has been formulated by the greatest political thinkers in terms of moral values. The state exists to promote social and moral good on the largest possible scale. A good citizen is possible in a good state and perfect state cannot be conceived where wrong ethical principles prevail. Laws are obeyed with greater readiness if they are based on the moral ideas of the community. Politics also influences ethics. Politics safeguards the ethical norms of a society. The state acts as the guardian of social morality. The attempts of some contemporary political scientists to create a value-free political science have not been successful. David Easton aptly observes: The goal of value-free research is a myth The utility of political research stems from the fact that it helps men to decide upon the kind of political system they would prefer and to understand how to go about changing social policy to obtain it. The inspiration behind political science is clearly ethical. Political Science and Jurisprudence The state is a social phenomenon as well as a legal institution. From the legal point of view, the state is a person with rights and duties. It is a juristic personality subject to the process of law. The state operates through law and hence jurisprudence, as the science of law, is closely related to politics. Strictly jurisprudence is a subdivision of political science but on account of its vast scope and technical nature it is studied as a separate branch of study. Jurisprudence has several branches, namely, civil law, criminal law, constitutional law, international law etc. Constitutional law defines the organs of the state, their relations to one another, and the rights and duties of individuals. International law regulates the relations of states and various international organizations: If law influences politics, politics also influences law. Different political systems have different legal systems; Laws tend to be a reflex of a particular social pattern and are influenced by the nature of the political system. Political Science and Anthropology Anthropology deals with man as a social being. It deals with the origin, classification and relations of races, languages and cultures found in different localities. Politics uses the vast material gathered by anthropology. Physical anthropology dealing with the conditions of primitive men and their environment facilitates the study of the origin and evolution of various political institutions. Similarly social or cultural anthropology dealing with the growth and interpretation of customs, traditions, habits and religious beliefs etc., explains the forces and factors operating in political institutions. Anthropological data have assumed great importance in the study of the formation of national character. Political Science and Geography Many writers have emphasized the influence of geographical conditions and physical environment upon national character. Even national policies have been shown to be determined by such conditions. The influence of climate, topography, character of the soil, insularity, the presence or absence of mountains, rivers and outlets to the sea has been emphasized by various political thinkers from Aristotle to the present. Notable among them are Bodin, Rousseau, Montesquieu and Buckle. The emphasis upon geographical factors as determinants of state policy and governmental functioning has resulted in the development of a new science known as ‘Geopolitics’. Since territory is an important element of the state, geographical factors naturally influence political activities. These factors have assumed great significance especially in the field of defence strategy. Political Science and Statistics Statistics is concerned with systematic collection, analysis and presentation of numerical data. Von Mohl described statistics as a means through which a picture of existing political and social conditions could be obtained. Social phenomena and the results of governmental action are quantitatively measured by it. Statistical findings serve as a guide for administrative action, as a basis for legislation, and as a means for testing the expediency or effectiveness of political policies. Therefore, all governments collect statistical information concerning finance, trade, military and economic resources, social conditions of the people etc. Behavioural approach to the study of political science has put excessive stress on statistical methods (quantification, techniques), thereby contributing a lot to the scientific character of political science. The foregoing discussion clearly shows the intimate relation of political science to other social sciences. A proper understanding of political institutions, processes and phenomena calls for reliance upon a number of sister disciplines. Specialization of social sciences should not lead to narrow compartmentalization. Interdisciplinary approach to the study of social sciences has resulted in the blurring of rigid boundaries of various disciplines and highlighting the need for mutual exchange and interaction among social scientists.

Charles Manson :: Biography Serial Killers Essays

Charles Manson Charles Manson. He and his cult, "The Family," together killed seven people, bloodied and butchered. The people who he and others killed, the Tate and LaBianca families, were wealthy and well-off. What could have made them do such a thing without pity or remorse? Read on........ MANSON: The Man Himself In 1954, Manson set up a commune-based cult, drawing in hippies, drifters. and the unemployed at the Spahn Ranch, near Los Angeles. Manson had lovely ideas and his followers or "Family" regarded him as a Christ- like figure. They indulged in free love practices, pseudo religious ceremonies, and used drugs such as marijuana and LSD. The Black Panthers were a major black movement in the 1960's. After killing a leader of this movement in self defence, Manson grew scared on the promise of revenge from the Black Panthers. Scared, Manson ordered his followers to practice guerrilla tactics and they did so, without question. Manson sad he taught love because in love there is no hatred, but John Flynn, a man who testified at his trial, testified to some very incriminating admissions by Manson. Barbara Holt, a "Family" member, fled the group before a raid. She later showed up as a prosecution witness, a potential danger to Manson, so faithful members of the "Family" tried to kill her with a hamburger laced with LSD. Before her testimony, another "Family" member, Gary Hinman, who had also fled he group, was killed because he had betrayed the "Family." As you can see, the punishment for crossing the "Family" was severe. Manson makes claims to thirty-five murders. Although he was convicted for others, there was not enough evidence to bring him to trial for the thirty five. THE MOTIVE BEHIND THE MAN The driving force behind Manson's killing was hard to prove and hard to believe. Manson had a plan in his head. When the Beatles first released "The White Album," it was a hit. Manson listened to it often. He had a great devotion to the Beatles, who he believed spoke to him across the oceans in their lyrics and songs. Manson saw the 4 Beatles as the 4 Angels that announced the ending of the world in the bible. (Armageddon) On "The White Album" there are two song titles containing the

The Ritz Carlton Hotel

Case Study Analysis The Ritz-Carlton * Introduction: * The description of The Ritz-Carlton hotels culture. * Body of the report: * Challenges to follow in order to spread and maintain the new culture and to overcome its issues. * The new culture’s results. * Conclusion: * The importance of the organizational structure and its impact.The Ritz-Carlton  is a luxury  hotels, was established in 1983, it is the foremost name in luxury hotels worldwide, this success is largely due to the legendary Caesar Ritz who developed and operated two of the world’s best hotels in Paris and London, the hotel achieved such fame in the marketplace till the point they attained what is often referred to as â€Å"The Ritz Mystique†. The  Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company LLC  is now a wholly owned subsidiary of  Marriott International.The fact of working with The Ritz-Carlton is not like working in other companies and the experience employees will get is totally different from other ones, they have ever had, each have a unique ability to provide high quality services to the guests, members and residents . the essential culture is one of mutual respect. Employees treat each other the same way they treat guests. Ritz-Carlton provides an array of benefits to all of its ladies and gentlemen with a team that feels more like a family.The Ritz Carlton Hotel is following a different culture in order to motivate its employees. This culture consists of providing a good working environment and makes its employees feel their importance while doing their tasks which is the main key in motivating employees as they make them feel more comfortable†ladies and Gentlemen serving Ladies and Gentlemen†, and that will urge them to provide a high customer service and they will be more productive rather than taking orders and applying them automatically as robot, as a result, customers will be completely satisfied.In order to maintain its customer base which reached over 8 00,000 customers worldwide and to change the culture within the organization, The Ritz Carlton Hotels had to face some challenges attempting to share its knowledge of quality as it applies to service. Ritz-Carlton adopted this as a central mission through the creation of The Ritz-Carlton Learning Institute and The Ritz-Carlton Leadership Center As a five-star Hotels, The Ritz Carlton Hotels will not rest on its successes, it has made a commitment to its guests, members, residents, employees and communities to continuously pursue excellence.As we can see, including the new joiner staff members Ritz-Carlton the culture used will motivate employees to be more productive to work happily under a better working environment as a result the quality of services will be higher than the expected consequently, Ritz-Carlton guests , customers will get total satisfaction as they will be well served. And such environment will promote the culture to spread amongst all The Ritz-Carlton Ladies and Ge ntlemen.The Ritz-Carlton hotels culture is a successful one that all companies has to follow in order to promote good communications between employees , it teaches staff members acceptance and appreciation for diversity whether it’s racial or religion diversity, besides it encourages fair treatment of each employee as well as respect for each employee’s contribution to the company as result employees will tend to be more and more productive and to be positive while doing their tasks.As employees will get equal opportunities to contribute and to realize their full potential within the company, their pride and passion for The Ritz-Carlton hotels and the work performed will increase. In addition to that, such culture has been shown to possess statistically better growth. Such culture possess high employee involvement, strong internal communications and an acceptance and encouragement of a healthy level of risk-taking in order to achieve total guests satisfaction. Addition ally, organizational culture that obviously emphasizes factors related to the career growth of such organizations will be better performed inRitz-Carlton. as result, such constructive Culture is where employees are encouraged to be in communication with their co-workers, and work as teams, rather than only as individuals. In positions where people do a complex job, rather than something simple, this sort of culture is an efficient one as it ensures the achievement, it guarantees self-actualizing. That’s why we can categorize The Ritz-Carlton hotels culture as a typical one to follow by other organizations in order to grow up.I think, it is very important to understand how customers and guests perceive The Ritz-Carlton hotels working attitude, thus the working environment has to be reflected on staff members by their natural smile, their desire to provide high quality of services and their dynamism. In order to reach this level we have to follow an organizational structure whi ch will determine the company’s capacity and effectiveness and contribute to improve Ritz’s brand image and promise (costumer services quality), as a result The Ritz-Carlton hotels can be a role model to other organizations.Personally I would be glad to be one of The Ritz-Carlton hotels staff members and join their team. Appendix 1 1- The culture used in The Ritz-Carlton consists of making their employees feel more important and comfortable doing their tasks,† Ladies and Gentlemen serving Ladies and Gentlemen†, that’s the most employees motivating factor. 2- To maintain the new culture, The Ritz-carlton hotels management created Learning Institute and The Ritz-Carlton Leadership Center in order to ensure the continuing training to all its staff members and urge them apply their culture while doing their tasks. – In such culture, both employees and guest will be totally satisfied as employees will provide services with full motivation and as cu stomers will receive the legendary customer service ever. 4- Other organizations can take The Ritz-Carlton hotels as a role model as The Ritz-Carlton make its employees feel the importance of the tasks they are doing. Husain Abubaker Ali Alhamed Al Hashmi(H00234709) Resources http://corporate. ritzcarlton. com/en/About/Default. htm http://corporate. ritzcarlton. com/NR/rdonlyres/22E2CEC9-62A4-4EA2-9C3C-51628265E10E/0/rcappsum. pdf http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ritz-Carlton

Earthquake Preparedness Press Release Essay

How can my family be prepared for an earthquake? This question haunts countless residents in the Los Angeles area every day. Hopefully we here at the Earthquake Preparedness Center can shed some light on how you can protect your family. My name is Darin Fort and I am the Director of Earthquake Preparedness for Los Angeles. As with any danger, knowledge of the event is of upmost importance. Some questions that should be asked by anyone who wants to defend their home against earthquakes are: What are the origins and causes of earthquakes and what is the relation of earthquakes to plate tectonics and faults in Los Angeles? What are some historical disasters associated with earthquakes? What are the hazards associated with earthquakes? What is the potential for future earthquakes in the Los Angeles area? Earthquakes are started at the Earth’s crust. Our planet is made up of different plates which float on a layer of molten material or magma much like potato chips would float on top of a bowl of water. Scientists believe there could be as many as 12 plates that make up Earth’s crust. These plates move freely like bumper cars: pulling away from each other, moving side to side or laterally, and even smashing into each other. The proof behind plate tectonics lies in mountain ranges and island chains like the Hawaiian Islands, both are products of plate tectonics. Earthquakes originate from plate boundaries called faults. The tension and movement between the conflicting faults is what causes the shock waves referred to as an earthquake. When the pressure between two conflicting plates is too much for the rock material to support, they can shift or break dramatically. The exact underground point where this occurs is the focus. Many people are familiar with the above ground ve rsion of the focus called the epicenter. When the plates crack or shift, shock waves are sent out from the focus. These waves come in three forms: Primary, Secondary, and Surface. The surface wave is the one which causes damage to our cities and homes. Unfortunately, Los Angeles is located over an earthquake hot bed. There are two different kinds of plate boundaries located under the Los Angeles area. The first is called a transform plate boundary. In a transform boundary, such as the San Andres Fault, plates move in a lateral motion. Imagine taking two pieces of rough cut wood and sliding them against one another. When the force applied exceeds the ability of the splinters holding them together, they slip and then catch again when it meets new, stronger material. This is called strike-slip affect which is produced by transform plate boundaries. The other type of boundary located in the Los Angeles area is called a convergent boundary. Convergent boundaries are located where two plates are colliding into each other. The grinding and crushing action of the two converging plates send shock waves out just as the transform boundary does. Los Angeles has been battling the effects of plate tectonics for centuries. The Los Angeles area has suffered several major events in recent history. The Fort Tejon Earthquake took place in 1857 and tremors from this quake were felt over 350,000 square kilometers (USGS, 2012). The Fort Tejon Earthquake was one of the largest in California history and originated at a strike-slip boundary. The Parkfield Earthquake of 1901 was an event we all hope never happens again. Over 700 people lost their lives that day due to the tremors which originated from the San Andres Fault (USGS, 2012). In 1994 a major event struck which killed many, injured thousands, and destroyed billions of dollars’ worth of property. There were also major events which took place in 1881, 1922, 1934, 1966, and most recently 2004 where property was damaged and even worse lives were lost. The hazards involved in an earthquake are countless. As stated earlier, the major damage causing force of an earthquake is the surface wave. The surface wave causes ground tremors that can knock building off their foundations and bring bridges crumbling down. If you are inside, either find the strongest area of the room or get under a table or desk and stay there. If you are caught outdoors get into the open, as far away from buildings, power lines, or any other type of tall or overhead structures. Another major hazard brought about by an earthquake is fire. Many times tremors from earthquakes can bring down power lines and rupture gas mains. In an event where you witness fallen power lines or leaking gas main, please move as far away from them as possible and contact rescue personnel as soon as possible. Crumbling dams and levees can also lead to flooding in some areas. Stresses in certain structures like dams and levees tend to not present themselves until it is too late to escape the rising water. You should evacuate the area until safety and rescue personnel have had time to clear the area and inspect the affected structure. We can say, without hesitation, the earthquake activity in the Los Angeles is here to stay. Since we are located directly over plate boundaries, we will continue to see seismic events. Plate tectonics, the driving force of earthquakes, is a natural process which has formed the ever-changing world we live in today. Science Daily, a leading publisher of science news, recently published an article titled â€Å"California Has More Than 99% Chance of a Big Earthquake within 30 Years, Report Shows† (Science Daily, 2008). While the actual statistic is a 49% chance of a 7.5 or greater earthquake striking in the next 30 years, we are certain that seismic events will continue to plaque the city (Science Daily, 2008). Unfortunately, many of the lives lost in earthquake events could be prevented by taking precautionary steps in our everyday lives. However, due to an increased population and congested city centers it is possible there could be more lives lost today if a major event were to strike. Please take all precautionary measures to keep you and your family safe during an earthquake. For a full list of ways to keep safe before, during, and after an earthquake, please visit www.consrv.ca.gov , click on â€Å"Earthquakes† and follow the link to â€Å"What to do if an earthquake strikes†. Remember, being prepared may save your life. Reference Page California Department of Conservation. (2007). What to do in an Earthquake. Retrieved from http://www.consrv.ca.gov/index/Earthquakes/Pages/qh_earthquakes_what.aspx ScienceDaily. (Apr. 15, 2008). California Has More Than 99% Chance Of A Big Earthquake Within 30 Years, Report Shows. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/04/080414203459.htm USGS. (2012). California Earthquake History. Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/california/history.php USGS. (2012). 1857 Fort Tejon Earthquake. Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/parkfield/1857.php USGS. (2012). 1901 Parkfield Earthquake. Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/parkfield/1901.php

One Art Essays

One Art Essays One Art Paper One Art Paper Essay Topic: Poetry The art of losing isnt hard to master; so many things seem filled with the intent to be lost that their loss is no disaster, Lose something every day. Accept the fluster of lost door keys, the hour badly spent. The art of losing isnt hard to master. Then practice losing farther, losing faster: places, and names, and where it was you meant to travel. None of these will bring disaster. I lost my mothers watch. And look! my last, or next-to-last, of three beloved houses went. The art of losing isnt hard to master. I lost two cities, lovely ones. And, vaster, some realms I owned, two rivers, a continent. I miss them, but it wasnt a disaster. Even losing you (the joking voice, a gesture I love) I shant have lied. Its evident the art of losings not too hard to master though it may look like (Write it!) a disaster. Why I chose it She explains a major problem well in this poem. We have so many losses in life and we have to learn how to forget some of them otherwise life will overwhelm us. Only if we do this, we will learn how to deal with the big losses in life and the pain that comes with them. Elizabeth Bishop is trying to teach this important lesson to the reader and she does this by creating a poem with an interesting structure. She increases the amount that is lost after each stanza so the reader can understand how forgetting small losses can help them get over bigger losses. She uses a rhyme scheme of ABA in each of her 3 line stanzas and each middle line of the stanzas rhyme with each other middle line of the other stanzas e.g went, continent, intent. With this, the poem flows nicely which helps the reader understand it. Also I was curious on the poem because of the title. After reading it I questioned how loss can be named an art. Bishop explains this clearly in her poem. Commentary Elizabeth Bishops poem, One Art, is a poem overflowing with irony which uses the structure and expressions to evoke the emotion of loss which Bishop is trying to convey to the reader. She seems to have lost many things in her life and has written this poem for the sole purpose to reassure the reader that if they find control within themselves, they are able to accept the many losses that are in their lives. Loss is something that cannot be mastered, emotion is always attached to loss. But Bishop is trying to tell the reader that with each loss, you endure it more and will ultimately learn to control the feeling, with less pain. The speaker in this poem seems to be Bishop dealing with her inner emotions of loss, trying to master loss so she does not have to deal with the painful emotions afterwards. This is ironic at the very concept of mastering loss, as loss is not a feeling that can be mastered. The structure of the poem is a villanelle as there are five stanzas of three lines followed by a stanza of four lines. Bishop seems to have utilised this structure to increase the readers attention and respect for loss as each stanza progresses. The tone of this poem is recognized by the reader from reading the first line. The poem deals with loss which is associated with death. A poem dealing with this theme will most certainly have a negative tone, and One Art is no exception. The tone changes with each stanza, gaining in sadness as the poem continues. This is because the value of what is lost increases within each stanza. This tone helps the reader emphasise on the value of loss. Bishop uses repetition often and refrains the line The art of losing isnt hard to master which is done to stress on the importance of the title. Also the readers sense of the subject is gained by each repetition as the theme of the poem is emphasised after each stanza. Each refrain builds up stronger amounts of loss. The second stanza is based on the loss of door keys or wasting time. The poet personifies these lost objects, saying that they seem filled with the intent to be lost. This is showing that these objects want to be lost and by giving inanimate objects feelings, it conveys that these objects are not of great importance. These are basically simple losses that one can learn to forget, but as the poem progresses, the amount that is lost builds up, including personal things with much more importance. This point can be proven in the third stanza, where she says Then practice losing farther, losing faster: This is the point in the poem, where she begins to name things that can be lost with much greater importance. Following the third stanza, the next one involves things of personal importance to a person. my mothers watchthree beloved houses. These things are more personal as a home is one which symbolises love and protection, which is a contrast to the insignificant loss of keys. In the fifth stanza, she describes the loss of things with huge importance, two rivers, a continent. Bishop continues the patter of possessions increasing in importance, by describing things which affect thousands of people. She seems to have reached things of the highest importance but finally in the last stanza, it all leads up to the most painful loss, the loss of a lover. After the fifth stanza, she uses a dash to start the last stanza. This is done to show that she is finished describing the loss of material objects, and is moving on to the loss of something with the most importance. Its evident the art of losings not too hard to master though it may look like (Write it!) a disaster. This entire stanza flows together due to the quicker pace and full use of enjambment throughout the entire stanza. The reader was use to the punctuation increasing and pace slowing down each stanza from the first to the fifth, so this increased the impact of pace on the last stanza, making it more powerful. Parenthesis was effectively used to show how hard and painful it was for the writer to write down her emotions into words, (Write it!). Bishop is trying to teach the reader to endure the many small losses, in order to feel less pain in the loss of something with much importance. By breaking away from describing the loss of an inanimate material objects towards a living person, she amplifies the feeling of loss which conveys the message of the poem clearly to the reader. With each stanza, we further understand the emotions which Bishop is trying to convey to us. She uses the title to imply how dealing with a loss is an art in its own accord. An art is something of beauty that requires massive amounts of effort to accomplish. The use of punctuation is another distinct feature of the structure of this poem, with each stanza, the amount of punctuation increases up until the fifth stanza. Bishop increases the value of what was being lost, along with this, the punctuation increases as well. This was done to slow down the pace of the poem so that the reader understands the importance of each possession. When describing each thing that was being lost in the fourth, two cities, lovely ones.two rivers, a continent. Along with the commas, caesura was used as well in the first line to slow down the pace. By forcing the reader to stop in the middle of the line, it takes them by surprise as it was sudden, not done in the poem before. This stanza contrasts with the quicker pace of the first stanza as there was only one semi-colon and comma used. This is clear evidence of the punctuation used by Bishop which greatly emphasises what Bishop was trying to achieve with this poem. This poem was written to show the readers the comparison of loss between different things. This poem may seem simple, but is very deep mainly through the way the poet utilised the structure and the richness in irony. This can be seen by how she refrains the use of loss isnt hard to master. This changes in the last line to loss isnt too hard to master This might show how it is getting harder for the poet to overcome the loss of a loved one. Bishop proves that the loss of trivial things and mastering this loss, will not be able to prepare you for the loss of something beloved by you, which further increases the ironic nature of the poem. In the end she could be all alone, hence the title One Art. She believed that if she could detach herself from pain and forget these feelings, she can begin a new life and grow, but realises that it is too hard for her.